Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur

Acute effects of ozone on mortality from the "air pollution and health: a European approach" project / Gryparis A in American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine [Am J Respir Crit Care Med], Vol. 170, N° 10 (11/2004)

[article]  inAmerican Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine [Am J Respir Crit Care Med] > Vol. 170, N° 10 (11/2004) . - 1080-7 Titre : Acute effects of ozone on mortality from the "air pollution and health: a European approach" project Type de document : Article scientifique Auteur(s) : Gryparis A ; Forsberg B ; Katsouyanni K ; Analitis A ; Touloumi G ; Schwartz J ; Samoli E ; Medina S ; Anderson HR ; Niciu EM ; Wichmann HE ; Kriz B ; Kosnik M ; Skorkovsky J ; Vonk J ; Dortbudak Z Appartenance auteur(s) InVS DSE Année de publication : 2004 Article en page(s) : 1080-7 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Pollution atmosphérique ; Milieu urbain ; Ozone ; Mortalité ; Cause décès ; Etude comparée ; Europe ; Risque relatif ; Enquête rétrospective ; Evaluation risque Mots-clés : APPAREIL CIRCULATOIRE [PATHOLOGIE]  APPAREIL RESPIRATOIRE [PATHOLOGIE] Résumé : In the Air Pollution and Health: A European Approach (APHEA2) project, the effects of ambient ozone concentrations on mortality were investigated. Data were collected on daily ozone concentrations, the daily number of deaths, confounders, and potential effect modifiers from 23 cities/areas for at least 3 years since 1990. Effect estimates were obtained for each city with city-specific models and were combined using second-stage regression models. No significant effects were observed during the cold half of the year. For the warm season, an increase in the 1-hour ozone concentration by 10 mug/m3 was associated with a 0.33% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.17-0.52) increase in the total daily number of deaths, 0.45% (95% CI, 0.22-0.69) in the number of cardiovascular deaths, and 1.13% (95% CI, 0.62-1.48) in the number of respiratory deaths. The corresponding figures for the 8-hour ozone were similar. The associations with total mortality were independent of SO2 and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 mum (PM10) but were somewhat confounded by NO2 and CO. Individual city estimates were heterogeneous for total (a higher standardized mortality rate was associated with larger effects) and cardiovascular mortality (larger effects were observed in southern cities). The dose-response curve of ozone effects on total mortality during the summer did not deviate significantly from linearity. PMID Pubmed : Pubmed : 15282198 Corpus : Production scientifique InVS Permalink : http://opac.invs.sante.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=5681 [article]

Analysis of health outcome time series data in epidemiological studies / Touloumi G in Environmetrics, Vol. 15 (2004)

[article]  inEnvironmetrics > Vol. 15 (2004) . - 101-17 Titre : Analysis of health outcome time series data in epidemiological studies Type de document : Article scientifique Auteur(s) : Touloumi G ; Atkinson R ; Le Tertre A ; Samoli E ; Schwartz J ; Schindler C ; Vonk J ; Rossi G ; Saez M ; Rabczenko D ; Katsouyanni K Appartenance auteur(s) InVS DSE Année de publication : 2004 Article en page(s) : 101-17 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Statistique Mots-clés : SERIE TEMPORELLE Résumé : Several recent studies have reported significant health effects of air pollution even at low levels of air pollutants. These studies have been criticized for the statistical methods and for inconsistency in results between cities. An important development in air pollution epidemiology has come from multicenter studies. Within the APHEA-2 project we have developed a statistical methodology to evaluate short-term health effects of air pollution using data from 30 cities across Europe. For the analysis, a hierarchical modelling approach was adopted and implemented in two stages: (a) data from each city were analyzed separately to allow for local differences, using generalized additive Poisson regression models; (b) city-specific effects estimates were regressed on city-specific covariates to obtain an overall estimate and to explore heterogeneity across cities. In order to illustrate our methodology we present results for PM10 effects. It was found that a 10 microg/m3 increase in PM10 or NO2 concentrations is associated with a 0.67% (95% CI: 0.50 to 0.90) and 0.33% (0.20 to 0.40) increase in total mortality, respectively. After mutual adjustment, the PM10 effect was reduced by 40% and that of NO2 by 20%, but both pooled estimates remained significant. Long-term mean NO2 concentrations act as an effect modifier for PM10 effects, even after adjustment for NO2 confounding effects. In the second stage we explored two different models for combining the adjusted for NO2, PM10 effects across cities: bivariate, which accounts for within-city correlation of PM10 and NO2; and univariate, which ignores this correlation. Both models gave broadly the same results Corpus : Production scientifique InVS Permalink : http://opac.invs.sante.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=5662 [article]

Confounding and effect modification in the short-term effects of ambient particles on total mortality: results from 29 european cities within the APHEA2 Project / Katsouyanni K in Epidemiology, Vol. 12, N° 5 (09/2001)

[article]  inEpidemiology > Vol. 12, N° 5 (09/2001) . - 512-31 Titre : Confounding and effect modification in the short-term effects of ambient particles on total mortality: results from 29 european cities within the APHEA2 Project Type de document : Article scientifique Auteur(s) : Katsouyanni K ; Touloumi G ; Samoli E ; Gryparis A ; Le Tertre A ; Monopolis Y ; Rossi G ; Zmirou D ; Ballester F ; Boumghar A ; Anderson HR ; Wojtyniak B ; Paldy A ; Braunstein R ; Pekkanen J ; Schindler C ; Schwartz J Appartenance auteur(s) InVS DSE Année de publication : 2001 Article en page(s) : 512-31 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Pollution atmosphérique ; Europe ; Particule atmosphérique ; Fumée noire ; Ville ; Mortalité ; Réseau surveillance ; Surveillance épidémiologique Résumé : We present the results of the Air Pollution and Health: A European Approach 2 (APHEA2) project on short-term effects of ambient particles on mortality with emphasis on effect modification. We used daily measurements for particulate matter less than 10 um in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) and/or black smoke from 29 European cities. We considered confounding from other pollutants as well as meteorologic and chronologic variables. We investigated several variables describing the cities' pollution, climate, population, and geography as potential effect modifiers. For the individual city analysis, generalized additive models extending Poisson regression, using a smoother to control for seasonal patterns, were applied. To provide quantitative summaries of the results and explain remaining heterogeneity, we applied second-stage regression models. The estimated increase in the daily number of deaths for all ages for a 10 ug/m3 increase in daily PM10 or black smoke concentrations was 0.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.4-0.8%], whereas for the elderly it was slightly higher. We found important effect modification for several of the variables studied. Thus, in a city with low average NO2, the estimated increase in daily mortality for an increase of 10 ug/m3 in PM10 was 0.19 (95% CI = 0.00-0.41), whereas in a city with high average NO2 it was 0.80% (95% CI = 0.67-0.93%); in a relatively cold climate the corresponding effect was 0.29% (95% CI = 0.16-0.42), whereas in a warm climate it was 0.82% (95% CI = 0.69-0.96); in a city with low standardized mortality rate it was 0.80% (95% CI = 0.65-0.95%), and in one with a high rate it was 0.43% (95% CI = 0.24-0.62). Our results confirm those previously reported on the effects of ambient particles on mortality. Furthermore, they show that the heterogeneity found in the effect parameters among cities reflects real effect modification, which is explained by specific city characteristics. PMID Pubmed : Pubmed : 11505171 Corpus : Production scientifique InVS Permalink : http://opac.invs.sante.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4169 [article]

Empirical bayes and adjusted estimates approach to estimating the relation of mortality to exposure of PM10 / Le Tertre A in Risk analysis [Risk Anal], Vol. 25, N° 3 (06/2005)

[article]  inRisk analysis [Risk Anal] > Vol. 25, N° 3 (06/2005) . - 711-8 Titre : Empirical bayes and adjusted estimates approach to estimating the relation of mortality to exposure of PM10 Type de document : Article scientifique Auteur(s) : Le Tertre A ; Schwartz J ; Touloumi G Appartenance auteur(s) InVS DSE Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : 711-8 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Pollution atmosphérique ; Réseau surveillance ; Europe ; Evaluation risque ; Analyse air ; Milieu urbain ; Modèle ; Statistique ; Risque attribuable ; Mortalité ; Simulation ; Particule atmosphérique Résumé : In the framework of the APHEIS program (Air Pollution and Health: A European Information System), a health impact assessment of air pollution in 26 European cities was performed for particles of an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 ìm (PM10). For shortterm effects, it was based on overall estimates from the APHEA-2 project (Air Pollution and Health: A European Approach). These city-specific risk assessments require city-specific concentration-response functions, raising the question of which concentration-response is most appropriate. Estimates from city-specific models are more specific, but have greater uncertainty than those provided from multicity analyses. We compared several estimates derived from the city-specific analyses in cities that were part of the APHEA-2 project, as well as in a city that was not included in APHEA-2 but was part of the APHEIS project. These estimates were: the estimates from a local regression model, the adjusted estimates based on two significant effect modifiers identified through meta-regression models, and the city-specific empirical Bayes (shrunken) estimates and their underlying distribution. The shrunken and adjusted estimates were used to improve the estimation of city-specific concentration-response function. From these different estimates, attributable numbers of deaths per year were calculated. The advantages and limits of the different approaches are discussed through real data and in a simulation study. (R.A.) PMID Pubmed : Pubmed : 16022702 Corpus : Production scientifique InVS Permalink : http://opac.invs.sante.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=5660 [article]

Investigating the dose-response relation between air pollution and total mortality in the APHEA-2 multicity project / Samoli E in Occupational and environmental medicine [Occup Environ Med], Vol. 60, N° 12 (12/2003)

[article]  inOccupational and environmental medicine [Occup Environ Med] > Vol. 60, N° 12 (12/2003) . - 977-82 Titre : Investigating the dose-response relation between air pollution and total mortality in the APHEA-2 multicity project Type de document : Article scientifique Auteur(s) : Samoli E ; Touloumi G ; Zanobetti A ; Le Tertre A ; Schindler C ; Atkinson R ; Vonk J ; Rossi G ; Saez M ; Rabczenko D ; Schwartz J ; Katsouyanni K Appartenance auteur(s) InVS DSE Année de publication : 2003 Article en page(s) : 977-82 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Pollution atmosphérique ; Europe ; Surveillance environnement ; Dioxyde azote ; Milieu urbain ; Mortalité ; Enquête épidémiologique ; Modèle Résumé : BACKGROUND: Several recent studies have reported significant health effects of air pollution even at low levels of air pollutants, but in most of these studies linear non-threshold relations were assumed. AIMS: To investigate the NO2 mortality dose-response association in nine cities participating in the APHEA-2 project using two different methods: the meta-smooth and the cubic spline method. METHODS: The meta-smooth method developed by Schwartz and Zanobetti is based on combining individual city non-parametric smooth curves; the cubic spline method developed within the APHEA-2 project combines individual city estimates of cubic spline shaped dose-response relations. The meta-smooth method is easier and faster to implement, but the cubic spline method is more flexible for further investigation of possible heterogeneity in the dose-response curves among cities. RESULTS: In the range of the pollutant common to all cities the two methods gave similar and comparable curves. Using the cubic spline method it was found that smoking prevalence acts as an effect modifier with larger NO2 effects on mortality at lower smoking prevalence. CONCLUSIONS: The NO2-mortality association in the cities included in the present analysis, could be adequately estimated using the linear model. However, investigation of the city specific dose-response curves should precede the application of linear models. PMID Pubmed : Pubmed : 14634192 Corpus : Production scientifique InVS Permalink : http://opac.invs.sante.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=5663 [article]

Seasonal confounding in air pollution and health time-series studies: effect on air pollution effect estimates / Touloumi G in Statistics in medicine [Stat Med], Vol. 25, N° 24 (2006)

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Short-term effects of air pollution on total and cardiovascular mortality: the confounding effect of influenza epidemics / Touloumi G in Epidemiology, Vol. 16, N° 1 (2005)

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Short-term effects of ambient particles on mortality in the elderly: results from 28 cities in the APHEA2 project / Aga E in The European respiratory journal [Eur Respir J], Vol. 21, N° Suppl 40 (05/2003)

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The temporal pattern of mortality responses to ambient ozone in the APHEA project / Samoli E in Journal of epidemiology and community health [J Epidemiol Community Health], Vol. 63, N° 12 (12/2009)

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The temporal pattern of respiratory and heart disease mortality in response to air pollution / Zanobetti A in Environmental health perspectives [Environ Health Perspect], Vol. 111, N° 9 (07/2003)

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