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Auteur Schindler C
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Ajouter le résultat dans votre panier Affiner la rechercheAnalysis of health outcome time series data in epidemiological studies / Touloumi G in Environmetrics, Vol. 15 (2004)
Titre : Analysis of health outcome time series data in epidemiological studies Type de document : Article scientifique Auteur(s) : Touloumi G ; Atkinson R ; Le Tertre A ; Samoli E ; Schwartz J ; Schindler C ; Vonk J ; Rossi G ; Saez M ; Rabczenko D ; Katsouyanni K Appartenance auteur(s) InVS DSE Année de publication : 2004 Article en page(s) : 101-17 Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Environmetrics > Vol. 15 (2004) . - 101-17Mots-clés : Statistique Mots-clés : SERIE TEMPORELLE Résumé : Several recent studies have reported significant health effects of air pollution even at low levels of air pollutants. These studies have been criticized for the statistical methods and for inconsistency in results between cities. An important development in air pollution epidemiology has come from multicenter studies. Within the APHEA-2 project we have developed a statistical methodology to evaluate short-term health effects of air pollution using data from 30 cities across Europe. For the analysis, a hierarchical modelling approach was adopted and implemented in two stages: (a) data from each city were analyzed separately to allow for local differences, using generalized additive Poisson regression models; (b) city-specific effects estimates were regressed on city-specific covariates to obtain an overall estimate and to explore heterogeneity across cities. In order to illustrate our methodology we present results for PM10 effects. It was found that a 10 microg/m3 increase in PM10 or NO2 concentrations is associated with a 0.67% (95% CI: 0.50 to 0.90) and 0.33% (0.20 to 0.40) increase in total mortality, respectively. After mutual adjustment, the PM10 effect was reduced by 40% and that of NO2 by 20%, but both pooled estimates remained significant. Long-term mean NO2 concentrations act as an effect modifier for PM10 effects, even after adjustment for NO2 confounding effects. In the second stage we explored two different models for combining the adjusted for NO2, PM10 effects across cities: bivariate, which accounts for within-city correlation of PM10 and NO2; and univariate, which ignores this correlation. Both models gave broadly the same results Corpus : Production scientifique InVS Permalink : http://opac.invs.sante.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=5662 [article]
Titre : Confounding and effect modification in the short-term effects of ambient particles on total mortality: results from 29 european cities within the APHEA2 Project Type de document : Article scientifique Auteur(s) : Katsouyanni K ; Touloumi G ; Samoli E ; Gryparis A ; Le Tertre A ; Monopolis Y ; Rossi G ; Zmirou D ; Ballester F ; Boumghar A ; Anderson HR ; Wojtyniak B ; Paldy A ; Braunstein R ; Pekkanen J ; Schindler C ; Schwartz J Appartenance auteur(s) InVS DSE Année de publication : 2001 Article en page(s) : 512-31 Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Epidemiology > Vol. 12, N° 5 (09/2001) . - 512-31Mots-clés : Pollution atmosphérique ; Europe ; Particule atmosphérique ; Fumée noire ; Ville ; Mortalité ; Réseau surveillance ; Surveillance épidémiologique Résumé : We present the results of the Air Pollution and Health: A European Approach 2 (APHEA2) project on short-term effects of ambient particles on mortality with emphasis on effect modification. We used daily measurements for particulate matter less than 10 um in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) and/or black smoke from 29 European cities. We considered confounding from other pollutants as well as meteorologic and chronologic variables. We investigated several variables describing the cities' pollution, climate, population, and geography as potential effect modifiers. For the individual city analysis, generalized additive models extending Poisson regression, using a smoother to control for seasonal patterns, were applied. To provide quantitative summaries of the results and explain remaining heterogeneity, we applied second-stage regression models. The estimated increase in the daily number of deaths for all ages for a 10 ug/m3 increase in daily PM10 or black smoke concentrations was 0.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.4-0.8%], whereas for the elderly it was slightly higher. We found important effect modification for several of the variables studied. Thus, in a city with low average NO2, the estimated increase in daily mortality for an increase of 10 ug/m3 in PM10 was 0.19 (95% CI = 0.00-0.41), whereas in a city with high average NO2 it was 0.80% (95% CI = 0.67-0.93%); in a relatively cold climate the corresponding effect was 0.29% (95% CI = 0.16-0.42), whereas in a warm climate it was 0.82% (95% CI = 0.69-0.96); in a city with low standardized mortality rate it was 0.80% (95% CI = 0.65-0.95%), and in one with a high rate it was 0.43% (95% CI = 0.24-0.62). Our results confirm those previously reported on the effects of ambient particles on mortality. Furthermore, they show that the heterogeneity found in the effect parameters among cities reflects real effect modification, which is explained by specific city characteristics. PMID Pubmed : Pubmed : 11505171 Corpus : Production scientifique InVS Permalink : http://opac.invs.sante.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4169 [article]
Titre : Development of land use regression models for PM(2.5), PM(2.5) absorbance, PM(10) and PM(coarse) in 20 European study areas; results of the ESCAPE project Type de document : Article scientifique Auteur(s) : Eeftens M ; Beelen R ; de Hoogh K ; Bellander T ; Cesaroni G ; Cirach M ; Declercq C ; Dedele A ; Dons E ; de Nazelle A ; Dimakopoulou K ; Eriksen K ; Falq G ; Fischer P ; Galassi C ; Grazuleviciene R ; Heinrich J ; Hoffmann B ; Jerrett M ; Keidel D ; Korek M ; Lanki T ; Lindley S ; Madsen C ; Molter A ; Nador G ; Nieuwenhuijsen M ; Nonnemacher M ; Pedeli X ; Raaschou Nielsen O ; Patelarou E ; Quass U ; Ranzi A ; Schindler C ; Stempfelet M ; Stephanou E ; Sugiri D ; Tsai MY ; Yli Tuomi T ; Varro MJ ; Vienneau D ; von Klot S ; Wolf K ; Brunekreef B ; Hoek G Appartenance auteur(s) InVS DSE Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : 11195-205 Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Environmental Science & Technology [Environ Sci Technol] > Vol. 46, N° 20 [01/10/2012] . - 11195-205Mots-clés : Pollution atmosphérique ; Europe ; Milieu urbain ; Particule atmosphérique ; Système information géographique ; Enquête cohorte ; Exposition ; Modèle statistique Résumé : Land Use Regression (LUR) models have been used increasingly for modeling small-scale spatial variation in air pollution concentrations and estimating individual exposure for participants of cohort studies. Within the ESCAPE project, concentrations of PM(2.5), PM(2.5) absorbance, PM(10), and PM(coarse) were measured in 20 European study areas at 20 sites per area. GIS-derived predictor variables (e.g., traffic intensity, population, and land-use) were evaluated to model spatial variation of annual average concentrations for each study area. The median model explained variance (R(2)) was 71% for PM(2.5) (range across study areas 35-94%). Model R(2) was higher for PM(2.5) absorbance (median 89%, range 56-97%) and lower for PM(coarse) (median 68%, range 32- 81%). Models included between two and five predictor variables, with various traffic indicators as the most common predictors. Lower R(2) was related to small concentration variability or limited availability of predictor variables, especially traffic intensity. Cross validation R(2) results were on average 8-11% lower than model R(2). Careful selection of monitoring sites, examination of influential observations and skewed variable distributions were essential for developing stable LUR models. The final LUR models are used to estimate air pollution concentrations at the home addresses of participants in the health studies involved in ESCAPE. (R.A.) PMID Pubmed : Pubmed : 22963366 Lien externe DOI : DOI : 10.1021/es301948k Corpus : Production scientifique InVS Permalink : http://opac.invs.sante.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=11204 [article]
Titre : Investigating the dose-response relation between air pollution and total mortality in the APHEA-2 multicity project Type de document : Article scientifique Auteur(s) : Samoli E ; Touloumi G ; Zanobetti A ; Le Tertre A ; Schindler C ; Atkinson R ; Vonk J ; Rossi G ; Saez M ; Rabczenko D ; Schwartz J ; Katsouyanni K Appartenance auteur(s) InVS DSE Année de publication : 2003 Article en page(s) : 977-82 Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Occupational and environmental medicine [Occup Environ Med] > Vol. 60, N° 12 (12/2003) . - 977-82Mots-clés : Pollution atmosphérique ; Europe ; Surveillance environnement ; Dioxyde azote ; Milieu urbain ; Mortalité ; Enquête épidémiologique ; Modèle Résumé : BACKGROUND: Several recent studies have reported significant health effects of air pollution even at low levels of air pollutants, but in most of these studies linear non-threshold relations were assumed. AIMS: To investigate the NO2 mortality dose-response association in nine cities participating in the APHEA-2 project using two different methods: the meta-smooth and the cubic spline method. METHODS: The meta-smooth method developed by Schwartz and Zanobetti is based on combining individual city non-parametric smooth curves; the cubic spline method developed within the APHEA-2 project combines individual city estimates of cubic spline shaped dose-response relations. The meta-smooth method is easier and faster to implement, but the cubic spline method is more flexible for further investigation of possible heterogeneity in the dose-response curves among cities. RESULTS: In the range of the pollutant common to all cities the two methods gave similar and comparable curves. Using the cubic spline method it was found that smoking prevalence acts as an effect modifier with larger NO2 effects on mortality at lower smoking prevalence. CONCLUSIONS: The NO2-mortality association in the cities included in the present analysis, could be adequately estimated using the linear model. However, investigation of the city specific dose-response curves should precede the application of linear models. PMID Pubmed : Pubmed : 14634192 Corpus : Production scientifique InVS Permalink : http://opac.invs.sante.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=5663 [article]
Titre : Short-term effects of air pollution on total and cardiovascular mortality: the confounding effect of influenza epidemics Type de document : Article scientifique Auteur(s) : Touloumi G ; Samoli E ; Quenel P ; Paldy A ; Anderson RH ; Zmirou D ; Galan I ; Forsberg B ; Schindler C ; Schwartz J ; Katsouyanni K Appartenance auteur(s) InVS Cire Antilles-Guyane Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : 49-57 Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Epidemiology > Vol. 16, N° 1 (2005) . - 49-57Mots-clés : Pollution atmosphérique ; Appareil cardiovasculaire ; Mortalité ; Grippe ; Donnée statistique Résumé : Background: Air pollution is associated with total mortality. This association may be confounded by uncontrolled time-varying risk factors such as influenza epidemics. Methods: We analyzed independent data on influenza epidemics from 7 European cities that also had data on mortality associated with particulates (PM). We used 10 methods to control for epidemics (5 derived from influenza data and 5 from respiratory mortality series) and compared those results with analyses that did not control for these epidemics. Results: Adjustment for influenza epidemics increased the PM effect estimate in most cases (% change in the pooled regression coefficient: 1.9 to 38.9 for total mortality and 1.3 to 25.5 for cardiovascular mortality). A 10ug/m3 increase in PM10 concentrations (lag 0-1) was associated with a 0.48% (95% confidence interval 0.27-0.70%) increase in daily mortality unadjusted for influenza epidemics, whereas under the various methods to control for epidemics the increase ranged from 0.45% (0.26-0.69%) to 0.67% (0.46-0.89%). The corresponding figures for cardiovascular mortality were 0.85% (0.53-1.18%) with no adjustment and from 0.86% (0.53-1.19%) to 1.06% (0.74-1.39%) with the methods of control. Conclusions: The association between air pollution and mortality is not weakened by control for influenza epidemic irrespective of the method used. To adjust for influenza epidemics, one can use methods based on respiratory mortality counts instead of counts of influenza cases if the latter are not available. However, adjustment for influenza by any method tested did not markedly alter the air pollution effect estimate. PMID Pubmed : Pubmed : 15613945 Corpus : Production scientifique InVS Permalink : http://opac.invs.sante.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=4054 [article]PermalinkPermalink
